Amazon supply the basic OS so you have full control over what is put onto your instance, it's completely up to you as to what you install.
Re: Installing free cpanel in Amazon Cloud Hosting
« Reply #15, on May 2nd, 2013, 10:33 AM »
public_html folder is something related to shared hostings. You have to install php(5-fpm) (if you're using php pages), apache / nginx as web servers. Then you configure virtual hosts and choose the folder.
DocumentRoot [b]/var/www[/b]
<Directory />
Options FollowSymLinks
AllowOverride None
</Directory>
<Directory [b]/var/www/[/b]>
Options Indexes FollowSymLinks MultiViews
AllowOverride None
Order allow,deny
allow from all
</Directory>